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Addressing macular diseases using ultrathin digital optics

This PhD offers an exciting opportunity to explore ultrathin metamaterials: a novel type of device that utilises digital and mathematical techniques to design multifunctional visual aids to help address and correct diseases of the eye.

You will work at the intersection of mathematics, physics, AI, and clinical practice through careful design and production of optical metasurfaces, which can help to correct macular degeneration and other eyesight problems through careful control of light.

Project description

Vision technology relies on careful use of optical components such as lenses. Undoubtedly, standard prescription lenses have been revolutionary in helping billions of people and their quality of life through helping to see more clearly. However, optical technologies are based on standard glass lenses and components which are bulky and have limited capabilities. 

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) affects around 196 million people worldwide and is a leading cause of central vision loss. It reduces the ability to read, recognise faces, and perform everyday tasks, with limited treatment options available for most patients. Existing assistive technologies rely heavily on digital image processing or bulky external devices which can be expensive, inconvenient, and inaccessible – where simple prescription lenses simply cannot address this.

This project explores a new approach using optical metasurfaces —ultra-thin optical layers that shape light—to enhance vision directly without electronics. The aim is to increase contrast at object edges helping users distinguish shapes and details more clearly. While edge enhancement has been shown to improve visual performance in low-vision patients, it is currently achieved using digital systems. This PhD project translates the principle into a compact, passive optical solution.

The project will combine:

• Mathematical modelling and simulation of optical/photonic structures and devices
• Fabrication of ultrathin metasurfaces using the º£½ÇºÚÁÏ cleanrooms
• Clinical applications through visual neuroscience approaches

Facilities and research environment:

• Photonics and visual neuroscience laboratories
• Dedicated simulation and modelling software for electromagnetic and optical design
• Access to dedicated cleanroom fabrication facilities
• A collaborative research environment across psychology and engineering

Location: Faculty of Engineering and Faculty of Science (Psychology), º£½ÇºÚÁÏ, UK

PhD start date: October 2026   

Why apply for this PhD?

• Work on the next-generation optical physics using metamaterials
• Gain a unique combination of skills in mathematics, machine learning, photonics, and clinical practices in vision
• Be part of a multidisciplinary research team spanning science and engineering, psychology, and healthcare
• Access state-of-the-art laboratories and cleanroom facilities
• Gain experience by attending international conferences and training events
• Develop skills highly valued in both academia and industry

Candidate profile

You do not need experience in all the areas below; additional training will be provided. Enthusiasm and willingness to learn are essential.

Essential

1. A 2:1 undergraduate degree or a master’s degree in physics, applied physics, mathematical sciences, computer science, vision science, or a closely related subject from a recognised institution
2. A background in at least one of the following:
   1. Photonics/electromagnetics theory, design, and simulations
   2. Nanoscience
   3. Visual neuroscience or opthalmology
3. Programming skills - Python, MATLAB, or similar
4. Strong analytical and problem-solving skills
5. Good written and spoken English

Desirable

• Experience with photonic/electromagnetics simulation software
• Familiarity with deep learning platforms e.g. TensorFlow, PyTorch, and machine-learning mathematics and algorithms
• Experience in imaging systems e.g. microscopy, and optical laboratory experiments (lasers/lenses)

Eligibility and funding

Open to UK, EU, and international students.

This is a self-funded PhD opportunity; you must be able to provide your own funding capability. Explore funding options for postgraduates. 

How to apply

Please apply online. Shortlisted candidates will be invited for an interview to assess their suitability.

For any enquiries about the project email Dr Mitchell Kenney at mitchell.kenney@nottingham.ac.uk or Professor Paul McGraw at paul.mcgraw@nottingham.ac.uk